Linux file-cd gadget usb device driver download

I just picked up a Sandisk one a couple days ago. I hope this can help you. Ok so i may be screwed but i had to checks here. So i did the thing and it worked great until i pulled out the usb like an idiot. It wouldnt start up no matter what i did. It kept bringing me to the menus about troublshooting. I went to the cmd page and deleted the cfadisk. The boot key doesnt do anything and i dont know what to do. Please help. I was trying hard to get it work but its not working for me for some reason.

Can you please help me in this regards. Windows 10, Thought I had found THE guide for this problem. Followed it all, ended up not being able to boot Windows. So I issued the BCD commands and restarted and…. Nothing changed.

Boots into the Automatic Repair prompt over and over. Investigated the BCD store, both options are active and enabled. I was however able to get it to boot by selecting Startup Options, letting it reboot, then selecting Option 7 to disable driver signing checks. The end result was as intended with my microSD now listed as a local disk. However, this is certainly not a permanent solution as the recovery sequence would need to be repeated at every boot….

BootIt did not change any of the drives. Possibly the software no longer functions with Win10 …? However, I did have luck with other USB sticks using a combination of two tools.

The first is a utility called GetFlashInfo from antspec. Win10 Defender said there were viruses on the downloads. I went to the site and downloaded the utilities on a burner laptop connected to a cellular hotspot. The utilities worked. Running the USB sticks through various systems and malware checks, they came back clean. Your mileage may vary. Hi I have a flash memory Transcend — T3 that converted to basic disk.

Thank you. As others hwve said this guide doesnt work. At least not anymore. In my case with windows 10 it says that it cant find a file. It does not specify what kind of file, but I noticed that the cfadisk. Is that the file Windows cant find? Who knows. Maybe this still works in windows 7 but not in windows Thank you OP for a fantastic trick.

The Hitachi Microdrive Filter trick worked for my windows tab. I successfully converted my microSD card into basic disk. Here are the details :. Update the appropriate cfadisk. Then update the driver. Windows shouts at you, but just ignore. Now I my microSD card appears in two places with two distinct device instance paths.

There is a yello exlamation mark next to disk drive instance saying that I need to reboot for the new device to work properly. With the changed instance again update the cfadisk. Again update the driver. To check you can go to :.

Using the Lexar BootIt tool method sounds much simpler, but finding a Flash Drive that will work with it appears to be the big problem. Only problem with this list is that these drives are all from around the period and would probably be quite difficult to buy today. Neville, This is from an article I wrote for a modding site around Jan.

It does work on every Lexar drive, i have 3 that it works on. It works on my Sony 4 gig, it works on some beat-up no name 1 gig somebody gave me, it works on my Crucial 2gig but not on my Patriot 4gig. I do know that modifying the Hitachi driver files works on W7x64 and W10x This link is not to the official Lexar website. But this is a third-party site, and I can guarantee its safety. In any case, check the downloaded file using antivirus or via Virustotal.

The system is already installed on pc on an internal flash drive with windows 10 pro 64go only in Uefi mode GPT partitionned. The external port is supposed to be to extend the size of the OS. The workflow easily allows you to pull changes submitted by other developers from the upstream repository into your work area ensuring that you have the most recent software on which to develop.

The Yocto Project has two scripts named create-pull-request and send-pull-request that ship with the release to facilitate this workflow. You can find these scripts in the scripts folder of the Source Directory. To send this type of change, you format the patch and then send the email using the Git commands git format-patch and git send-email. The Yocto Project makes extensive use of Git, which is a free, open source distributed version control system. Git supports distributed development, non-linear development, and can handle large projects.

It is best that you have some fundamental understanding of how Git tracks projects and how to work with Git if you are going to use the Yocto Project for development. This section provides a quick overview of how Git works and provides you with a summary of some essential Git commands. If you look at this web-interface of the repositories, each item is a separate Git repository. Git repositories use branching techniques that track content change not files within a project e.

Creating a tree-like structure based on project divergence allows for excellent historical information over the life of a project. This methodology also allows for an environment from which you can do lots of local experimentation on projects as you develop changes or new features. A Git repository represents all development efforts for a given project. For example, the Git repository poky contains all changes and developments for that repository over the course of its entire life.

That means that all changes that make up all releases are captured. The repository maintains a complete history of changes. When you clone a Git repository, you end up with an identical copy of the repository on your development system.

Once you have a local copy of a repository, you can take steps to develop locally. It is important to understand that Git tracks content change and not files. Each of these branches represents a specific area of development. When you create a local copy of a Git repository, the copy has the same set of branches as the original. This means you can use Git to create a local working area also called a branch that tracks a specific development branch from the upstream source Git repository.

To help illustrate, consider the following example Git commands:. In the previous example after moving to the home directory, the git clone command creates a local copy of the upstream poky Git repository. After changing the working directory to the new local repository i. Keep reading to see how you create a local snapshot of a Yocto Project Release. Typically, a tag is used to mark a special point such as the final change or commit before a project is released.

Some key tags for the poky repository are jethro These tags represent Yocto Project releases. When you create a local copy of the Git repository, you also have access to all the tags in the upstream repository. Similar to branches, you can create and checkout a local working Git branch based on a tag name. When you do this, you get a snapshot of the Git repository that reflects the state of the files when the change was made associated with that tag.

The most common use is to checkout a working branch that matches a specific Yocto Project release. Here is an example:. In this example, the name of the top-level directory of your local Yocto Project repository is poky. After moving to the poky directory, the git fetch command makes all the upstream tags available locally in your repository. The files in your repository now exactly match that particular Yocto Project release as it is tagged in the upstream Git repository.

It is important to understand that when you create and checkout a local working branch based on a tag, your environment matches a specific point in time and not the entire development branch i. Git has an extensive set of commands that lets you manage changes and perform collaboration over the life of a project.

Conveniently though, you can manage with a small set of basic operations and workflows once you understand the basic philosophy behind Git. You do not have to be an expert in Git to be functional.

A good place to look for instruction on a minimal set of Git commands is here. The following list of Git commands briefly describes some basic Git operations as a way to get started. As with any set of commands, this list in most cases simply shows the base command and omits the many arguments it supports. See the Git documentation for complete descriptions and strategies on how to use these commands:. You cannot use Git commands unless you have a. You must stage all files that have changed before you can commit them.

Only changes that have been staged can be committed. The local branch tracks the upstream branch. You can use your local branch to isolate your work. It is a good idea to use local branches when adding specific features or changes. Using isolated branches facilitates easy removal of changes if they do not work out. The branch that you have currently checked out is noted with an asterisk character.

You need to be in a local branch other than the one you are deleting in order to delete branch-name. You use this command to make sure you are synchronized with the repository from which you are basing changes. After the merge is complete and if you are done with working in that isolated branch, you can safely delete the isolated branch.

There are times when you might not be able to merge all the changes in one branch with another but need to pick out certain ones. This command is a good way to graphically see where things have diverged in your local repository. This report lists all commits regardless of whether you have pushed them upstream or not.

This command is useful to see what you have changed in any given file. Because open source projects are open to the public, they have different licensing structures in place. License evolution for both Open Source and Free Software has an interesting history. If you are interested in this history, you can find basic information here:. Open source license history.

Free software license history. MIT licensing permits the reuse of software within proprietary software as long as the license is distributed with that software. Patches to the Yocto Project follow the upstream licensing scheme. You can find information on the MIT license here. When you build an image using the Yocto Project, the build process uses a known list of licenses to ensure compliance.

If a module requires a license that is not in the base list, the build process generates a warning during the build. These tools make it easier for a developer to be certain of the licenses with which their shipped products must comply.

However, even with these tools it is still up to the developer to resolve potential licensing issues. SPDX Group is a working group of the Linux Foundation that maintains a specification for a standard format for communicating the components, licenses, and copyrights associated with a software package.

Concepts such as components, the OpenEmbedded Build System workflow, cross-development toolchains, shared state cache, and so forth are explained. This section overviews these components by describing their use and how they interact.

BitBake handles the parsing and execution of the data files. The data itself is of various types:. Configuration Data: Defines machine-specific settings, policy decisions, and so forth. Configuration data acts as the glue to bind everything together. BitBake knows how to combine multiple data sources together and refers to each data source as a layer.

Following are some brief details on these core components. BitBake is the tool at the heart of the OpenEmbedded Build System and is responsible for parsing the Metadata , generating a list of tasks from it, and then executing those tasks.

This section briefly introduces BitBake. Several different versions of matchbox-desktop might exist. BitBake chooses the one selected by the distribution configuration. BitBake also tries to execute any dependent tasks first. So for example, before building matchbox-desktop , BitBake would build a cross compiler and glibc if they had not already been built.

A useful BitBake option to consider is the -k or --continue option. This option instructs BitBake to try and continue processing the job as long as possible even after encountering an error. When an error occurs, the target that failed and those that depend on it cannot be remade. However, when you use this option other dependencies can still be processed. Files that have the. In general, a recipe contains information about a single piece of software. This information includes the location from which to download the unaltered source, any source patches to be applied to that source if needed , which special configuration options to apply, how to compile the source files, and how to package the compiled output.

Class files. An example is the autotools class, which contains common settings for any application that Autotools uses. The configuration files. Layers are repositories that contain related metadata i. The Yocto Project Layer Model facilitates collaboration, sharing, customization, and reuse within the Yocto Project development environment.

Layers logically separate information for your project. For example, you can use a layer to hold all the configurations for a particular piece of hardware. Isolating hardware-specific configurations allows you to share other metadata by using a different layer where that metadata might be common across several pieces of hardware.

There are many layers working in the Yocto Project development environment. By convention, layers in the Yocto Project follow a specific form. Conforming to a known structure allows BitBake to make assumptions during builds on where to find types of metadata. You can find procedures and learn about tools i. This section takes a more detailed look inside the build process used by the OpenEmbedded Build System , which is the build system specific to the Yocto Project.

At the heart of the build system is BitBake, the task executor. The following diagram represents the high-level workflow of a build. The remainder of this section expands on the fundamental input, output, process, and metadata logical blocks that make up the workflow. Build System: Processes under the control of BitBake.

This block expands on how BitBake fetches source, applies patches, completes compilation, analyzes output for package generation, creates and tests packages, generates images, and generates cross-development tools. These feeds can also be copied and shared using a web server or other means to facilitate extending or updating existing images on devices at runtime if runtime package management is enabled.

User configuration helps define the build. Through user configuration, you can tell BitBake the target architecture for which you are building the image, where to store downloaded source, and other build properties.

BitBake needs some basic configuration files in order to complete a build. When you clone the Poky Git repository or you download and unpack a Yocto Project release, you can set up the Source Directory to be named anything you want.

For this discussion, the cloned repository uses the default name poky. The Poky repository is primarily an aggregation of existing repositories. It is not a canonical upstream source. The meta-poky layer inside Poky contains a conf directory that has example configuration files.

These example files are used as a basis for creating actual configuration files when you source oe-init-build-env , which is the build environment script. Sourcing the build environment script creates a Build Directory if one does not already exist. BitBake uses the Build Directory for all its work during builds. The Build Directory has a conf directory that contains default versions of your local. These default configuration files are created only if versions do not already exist in the Build Directory at the time you source the build environment setup script.

Because the Poky repository is fundamentally an aggregation of existing repositories, some users might be familiar with running the oe-init-build-env script in the context of separate OpenEmbedded-Core OE-Core and BitBake repositories rather than a single Poky repository.

This discussion assumes the script is executed from within a cloned or unpacked version of Poky. Depending on where the script is sourced, different sub-scripts are called to set up the Build Directory Yocto or OpenEmbedded. The local. Here is a list of a few. To see the default configurations in a local. The bblayers. By default, the layers listed in this file include layers minimally needed by the build system.

However, you must manually add any custom layers you have created. You can find more information on working with the bblayers. The files site. If you want the site. The auto. For example, suppose you had several build environments and they shared some common features.

You can set these default build properties here. You can edit all configuration files to further define any particular build environment. When you launch your build with the bitbake target command, BitBake sorts out the configurations to ultimately define your build environment. It is important to understand that the OpenEmbedded Build System reads the configuration files in a specific order: site. Because the files are parsed in a specific order, variable assignments for the same variable could be affected.

For example, if the auto. This section takes a closer look at the layers the build system uses to further control the build. These layers provide Metadata for the software, machine, and policies. In general, there are three types of layer input. A good example of a software layer might be the meta-qt5 layer from the OpenEmbedded Layer Index. This layer is for version 5. This type of information is specific to a particular target architecture. Policy Configuration: Distribution Layers i.

For example, in the Poky Reference Distribution the distro layer is the meta-poky layer. The following figure shows an expanded representation of these three layers from the general workflow figure :. In general, all layers have a similar structure. They all contain a licensing file e. MIT if the layer is to be distributed, a README file as good practice and especially if the layer is to be distributed, a configuration directory, and recipe directories.

If you explored the previous links, you discovered some areas where many layers that work with the Yocto Project exist.

Such layers are either deprecated or experimental in nature. The distribution layer provides policy configurations for your distribution. Best practices dictate that you isolate these types of configurations into their own layer. The following list provides some explanation and references for what you typically find in the distribution layer:.

When your recipes inherit a class, they take on the settings and functions for that class. This area could include recipes and append files to add distribution-specific configuration, initialization scripts, custom image recipes, and so forth. The BSP Layer provides machine configurations that target specific hardware. Everything in this layer is specific to the machine for which you are building the image or the SDK. A common structure or form is defined for BSP layers.

In order for a BSP layer to be considered compliant with the Yocto Project, it must meet some structural requirements. The remainder of the layer is dedicated to specific recipes by function: recipes-bsp , recipes-core , recipes-graphics , recipes-kernel , and so forth. There can be metadata for multiple formfactors, graphics support systems, and so forth.

The software layer provides the Metadata for additional software packages used during the build. This layer does not include Metadata that is specific to the distribution or the machine, which are found in their respective layers.

In order for the OpenEmbedded build system to create an image or any target, it must be able to access source files. The method by which source files are ultimately organized is a function of the project. For example, for released software, projects tend to use tarballs or other archived files that can capture the state of a release guaranteeing that it is statically represented.

On the other hand, for a project that is more dynamic or experimental in nature, a project might keep source files in a repository controlled by a Source Control Manager SCM such as Git. Pulling source from a repository allows you to control the point in the repository the revision from which you want to build software. A combination of the two is also possible. This area is a cache that can hold previously downloaded source. Doing so allows you to safely delete the Build Directory if needed without fear of removing any downloaded source file.

The remainder of this section provides a deeper look into the source files and the mirrors. Here is a more detailed look at the source file area of the general workflow figure :. Upstream project releases exist anywhere in the form of an archived file e. These files correspond to individual recipes. For example, the figure uses specific releases each for BusyBox, Qt, and Dbus. An archive file can be for any released product that can be built using a recipe.

Local projects are custom bits of software the user provides. These bits reside somewhere local to a project - perhaps a directory into which the user checks in items e. The canonical method through which to include a local project is to use the externalsrc class to include that local project.

You use either the local. In such cases, a repository is cloned or checked out. There are two kinds of mirrors: pre-mirrors and regular mirrors. BitBake checks pre-mirrors before looking upstream for any source files. A Pre-mirror typically points to a shared directory that is local to your organization. Regular mirrors can be any site across the Internet that is used as an alternative location for source code should the primary site not be functioning for some reason or another.

When the OpenEmbedded build system generates an image or an SDK, it gets the packages from a package feed area located in the Build Directory. The general workflow figure shows this package feeds area in the upper-right corner.

This section looks a little closer into the package feeds area used by the build system. Here is a more detailed look at the area:.

Package feeds are an intermediary step in the build process. Before placing the packages into package feeds, the build process validates them with generated output quality assurance checks through the insane class.

The package feed area resides in the Build Directory. The directory the build system uses to temporarily store packages is determined by a combination of variables and the particular package manager in use.

In particular, the following defines where package files are kept:. For example, packages could be available for the i or qemux86 architectures. As an example, consider a scenario where an IPK packaging manager is being used and there is package architecture support for both i and qemux You can see from the general workflow figure , the BitBake area consists of several functional areas.

This section takes a closer look at each of those areas. Documentation for the BitBake tool is available separately. For every local file e. By default, everything is accomplished in the Build Directory, which has a defined structure. Each recipe has an area in the Build Directory where the unpacked source code resides.

The name of that directory for any given recipe is defined from several different variables. The default base directory is the tmp directory. Depending on the eventual destination of the package or packages i. PN : The name of the recipe used to build the package. This variable can have multiple meanings. However, when used in the context of input files, PN represents the name of the recipe.

PV : The version of the recipe used to build the package. PR : The revision of the recipe used to build the package. S : Contains the unpacked source files for a given recipe. BPN : The name of the recipe used to build the package. In the previous figure, notice that there are two sample hierarchies: one based on package architecture i. The underlying structures are identical.

The differentiator being what the OpenEmbedded build system is using as a build target e. Once source code is fetched and unpacked, BitBake locates patch files and applies them to the source files:. BitBake finds and applies multiple patches for a single recipe in the order in which it locates the patches. After source code is patched, BitBake executes tasks that configure and compile the source code. Once compilation occurs, the files are copied to a holding area staged in preparation for packaging:.

A sysroot exists for both the target and for the native binaries, which run on the host system. Configurations can come from the recipe itself as well as from an inherited class. Additionally, the software itself might configure itself depending on the target for which it is being built.

For information on how this variable works within that class, see the autotools class here. Compilation occurs in the directory pointed to by the B variable. Realize that the B directory is, by default, the same as the S directory. This task copies files from the B directory and places them in a holding area pointed to by the D variable. Packaging occurs later using files from this holding directory. After source code is configured, compiled, and staged, the build system analyzes the results and splits the output into packages:.

Analysis involves the following as well as other items: splitting out debugging symbols, looking at shared library dependencies between packages, and looking at package relationships. Working, staged, and intermediate results of the analysis and package splitting process use several areas:. PKGD : The destination directory i. If you want details on how this is accomplished, you can look at package. Creating such feeds usually requires some kind of feed maintenance mechanism that would upload the new packages into an official package feed e.

This functionality is highly distribution-specific and thus is not provided out of the box. Once packages are split and stored in the Package Feeds area, the build system uses BitBake to generate the root filesystem image:. The image generation process consists of several stages and depends on several tasks and variables.

This task uses several key variables to help create the list of packages to actually install:. Most of these features map to additional packages for installation. Package installation is under control of the package manager e.

As part of the final stage of package installation, post installation scripts that are part of the packages are run. Any scripts that fail to run on the build host are run on the target when the target system is first booted. If you are using a read-only root filesystem , all the post installation scripts must succeed on the build host during the package installation phase since the root filesystem on the target is read-only.

Post processing includes creation of a manifest file and optimizations. The manifest file. This file lists out, line-by-line, the installed packages. The manifest file is useful for the testimage class, for example, to determine whether or not to run specific tests.

The mklibs process optimizes the size of the libraries, while the prelink process optimizes the dynamic linking of shared libraries to reduce start up time of executables. This variable specifies a list of functions to call before the build system creates the final image output files. The process turns everything into an image file or a set of image files and can compress the root filesystem image to reduce the overall size of the image. Compression depends on whether the formats support compression.

As an example, a dynamically created task when creating a particular image type would take the following form:. The variable specifies a list of functions to call once the build system has created the final image output files.

The entire image generation process is run under Pseudo. Running under Pseudo ensures that the files in the root filesystem have correct ownership. Like image generation, the SDK script process consists of several stages and depends on many variables.

The target part is the part built for the target hardware and includes libraries and headers. For the extensible SDK, the task encapsulates the build system, which includes everything needed host and target for the SDK. Regardless of the type of SDK being constructed, the tasks perform some cleanup after which a cross-development environment setup script and any needed configuration files are created.

The final output is the Cross-development toolchain installation script. To determine if a task needs to be rerun, BitBake checks if a stamp file with a matching input checksum exists for the task.

Otherwise, the task is rerun. BitBake avoids rerunning any task that has a valid stamp file, not just tasks that can be accelerated through the sstate cache. However, you should realize that stamp files only serve as a marker that some work has been done and that these files do not record task output. What the sstate cache mechanism adds is a way to cache task output that can then be shared between build machines.

If some other task depends on such a task, then that task will also always be considered out of date, which might not be what you want. The description of tasks so far assumes that BitBake needs to build everything and no available prebuilt objects exist. BitBake does support skipping tasks if prebuilt objects are available. These objects are usually made available in the form of a shared state sstate cache.

The idea of a setscene task i. In some cases, it makes sense to have a setscene task variant e. In other cases, it does not make sense e. Notice that these tasks represent most of the tasks whose output is an end result. The build system has knowledge of the relationship between these tasks and other preceding tasks. It becomes more complicated if everything can come from an sstate cache because some objects are simply not required at all.

To handle all these complexities, BitBake runs in two phases. During this stage, BitBake first checks the sstate cache for any targets it is planning to build. BitBake does a fast check to see if the object exists rather than doing a complete download.

If nothing exists, the second phase, which is the setscene stage, completes and the main build proceeds. If objects are found in the sstate cache, the build system works backwards from the end targets specified by the user. For example, if an image is being built, the build system first looks for the packages needed for that image and the tools needed to construct an image. If those are available, the compiler is not needed.

Thus, the compiler is not even downloaded. If something was found to be unavailable, or the download or setscene task fails, the build system then tries to install dependencies, such as the compiler, from the cache. The function returns a True or False value. The images produced by the build system are compressed forms of the root filesystem and are ready to boot on a target device.

You can see from the general workflow figure that BitBake output, in part, consists of images. This section takes a closer look at this output:. This folder contains any files expected to be loaded on the target device. Depending on this variable, the file could begin with a variety of naming strings. These links might be useful for external scripts that need to obtain the latest version of each file.

The SDK consists of a cross-development toolchain, a set of libraries and headers, and an SDK environment setup script. Running this installer essentially sets up your cross-development environment.

The environment setup script is added so that you can initialize the environment before using the tools. The Yocto Project supports several methods by which you can set up this cross-development environment. Depending on the type of SDK, there are several variables to configure these files. Here are the variables associated with an extensible SDK:.

By default, all required shared state artifacts are copied into the SDK. This variable allows you to add more packages. This variable also plays a minor role for extensible SDK development as well. However, it is mainly used for the standard SDK. This section provides some technical background on how cross-development toolchains are created and used.

In the Yocto Project development environment, cross-development toolchains are used to build images and applications that run on the target hardware. With just a few commands, the OpenEmbedded build system creates these necessary toolchains for you. The following figure shows a high-level build environment regarding toolchain construction and use. Most of the work occurs on the Build Host. This is the machine used to build images and generally work within the the Yocto Project environment.

When you run BitBake to create an image, the OpenEmbedded build system uses the host gcc compiler to bootstrap a cross-compiler named gcc-cross. The gcc-cross compiler is what BitBake uses to compile source files when creating the target image. You can think of gcc-cross simply as an automatically generated cross-compiler that is used internally within BitBake only.

The extensible SDK does not use gcc-cross-canadian since this SDK ships a copy of the OpenEmbedded build system and the sysroot within it contains gcc-cross. This stage results in the actual cross-compiler that BitBake uses when it builds an image for a targeted device. No need to stress over virus or spyware removal. We'll show you how to quickly and easily get rid of any malware from your PC, Mac, or laptop. What's the best free antivirus software for Windows in ?

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